Speech
- Delayed speech development
- Indistinct speech
    - sounds are missing, replaced or deformed
    - lisping
    - tongue between teeth (except /th/)
    - speaking under one’s breath
    - speaking too fast
    - not enough speaking confidence
-Stuttering

MOUTH HABITS
- Thumb- or finger sucking
- Tongue thrust during swallowing
- Mouth breathing
- Flabby lip/tongue movements
- Deformed shape of teeth    

LANGUAGE
- Delayed language development
- Insufficient language production and understanding
concerning:
    - vocabulary
    - construction of sentences
    - word formation
    - story telling (also due to bilingualism)
    - spontaneous language
    - colors / shapes
- Cluttering
(difficulties in formulating, due to delayed language development)

BREATH AND VOICE
- Hoarseness due to organic causes:
    - vocal nodules
- Hoarseness due to voice abuse:
    - speaking too loud or soft
    - speaking too tense or flabby
- Breathing problems
- Nasal speech
-Total voice loss

HEARING AND LISTENING SKILLS
- diminished listening skills due to:
    - problems with sound distinction
    - concentration problems
    - memory problems
- speech-, language- or voice disorders due to hardness of hearing or deafness
- lip reading
-supervision during use of hearing-aid